Fundamental political and economic changes have taken place in the Czech Republic in the past quarter of a century. It is a relatively long period of time, during which all areas of life of society have been radically transformed, with public administration being no exception. The significant milestone of the country’s history was marked by the events of November 1989. The political, legislative, and economic changes – in a word “dismantling” – of the socialist state and its transformation into a democratic state relying on the market economy also required transformation regarding the perception of its role, activities of executive apparatus and institutions, nature and quality of public administration employees, and effectiveness of their work. And it is a very challenging and prolonged transformation that is not always absolutely clear. By analyzing the public administration development during the period, we should point out the key moments of its transformation and allow critical assessment of individual steps of various reforms, both planned and implemented. This is the only way to determine the pros and cons of the existing development and to indicate the trends of going forward. Broken democratic traditions in all areas of social life for four decades of the monopolist rule of the Communist Party have strongly stigmatized the process of developing a new model for administration of public affairs and the state. In spite of historical traditions in the area of self-governments, it was very difficult to follow up on them and find an optimal model for governing relations between public administration and territorial self-governments. It was necessary to make significant efforts in the area of concepts, legislation, and implementation to ensure gradual harmonization of public administration with the standards of traditional democratic countries.